Reptiles > Viperidae & Vipers
The Namaqua Dwarf Adder (Bitis schneideri) holds the fascinating title of the world’s smallest viper species, measuring on average under eight inches in total length. Confined strictly to the narrow, wind-swept coastal sand dunes of the Namaqualand region...
Birds > Capitonidae & Barbets
The White-mantled Barbet (Capito hypoleucus) is an exceptionally handsome, chunky forest bird endemic strictly to the middle Magdalena Valley and adjacent Andean foothills of Colombia. Instantly recognized by its contrasting snow-white back mantle, scarlet forehead...
Invertebrates > Theridiidae & Spiders
The Hawaiian Happy-face Spider (Theridion grallator), known locally in Hawaiian as ‘nananana makakiʻi’ (face-patterned spider), is one of the most charming and biologically renowned invertebrates native to the Hawaiian archipelago. Endemic to the humid...
Mammals > Cervidae & Deer
The Black Muntjac (Muntiacus crinifrons), also known as the hairy-fronted muntjac, is one of the rarest and most enigmatic deer species in East Asia. Endemic to the rugged subtropical mountain ranges of southeastern China, this secretive ungulate is distinguished by...
Reptiles > Elapidae & Sea Kraits
The Lake Te-Nggano Sea Krait (Laticauda crockeri), locally known as ‘Tugihono,’ is one of the world’s only known landlocked sea kraits. Confined exclusively to Lake Te-Nggano—a gigantic, brackish, uplifted former coral atoll lagoon situated on...
